Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões
https://revistadocbc.org.br/article/doi/10.1590/0100-6991e-2026001725
Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões
Original Article

Características clínicas e fatores de risco de manejo intervencionista de trauma abdominal em pacientes pediátricos admitidos em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica do Brasil

Clinical characteristics and risk factors for interventional management of abdominal trauma in pediatric patients admitted to a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit in Brazil

Leila Costa Volpon; Camila Maekawa de Araujo; Anderson de Paula Souza; Davi Casale Aragon; Sandro Scarpelini; Ana Paula de Carvalho Panzeri Carlotti

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Resumo

Introdução: Estudar as características clínicas e os fatores de risco de tratamento intervencionista em pacientes pediátricos gravemente doentes com trauma intra-abdominal (TIA).

Métodos: Trata-se de estudo retrospectivo de coorte envolvendo pacientes com TIA com menos de 18 anos de idade admitidos em unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica (UTIP) de hospital de emergência brasileiro, de janeiro/2015 a janeiro/2024. Foram excluídos pacientes com lesão de víscera oca. Dados demográficos, clínicos, de tratamento e de desfecho foram coletados dos prontuários médicos. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos de acordo com o manejo: intervencionista ou conservador.

Resultados: No período do estudo, 41 pacientes com TIA foram admitidos na UTIP; 35 foram incluídos no estudo. A maioria era do sexo masculino (77,1%), com idade mediana de 9,6 anos (variação de 0,7 a 17 anos), e mais da metade apresentavam valores de ISS superiores a 25. Acidente automobilístico foi o mecanismo de trauma mais comum (68,6%). Os órgãos mais frequentemente lesionados foram fígado (57,1%) e baço (40%). Quinze pacientes (42,9%) foram submetidos ao tratamento intervencionista: 11 (73,3%) à cirurgia e 4 (26,6%) à radiologia intervencionista. Hipotensão arterial na admissão e necessidade de transfusão maciça foram fatores de risco de tratamento intervencionista. Dois pacientes (5,7%) morreram; ambos foram submetidos à laparotomia de controle de danos.

Conclusões: Nesta coorte de pacientes pediátricos gravemente doentes com TIA de vísceras sólidas, 42,8% necessitaram de tratamento intervencionista. Hipotensão arterial na admissão e necessidade de transfusão maciça foram fatores de risco de manejo intervencionista nesta população.

Palavras-chave

Pediatria; Laparotomia; Medicina de Emergência Pediátrica; Transfusão de Sangue; Traumatismo Múltiplo

Abstract

Introduction: To investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors associated with interventional treatment in critically ill pediatric patients with Intra-abdominal Trauma (IAT).

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of patients younger than 18 years with IAT admitted to a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) at a Brazilian emergency hospital between January 2015 and January 2024. Patients with hollow viscus injury were excluded. Demographic, clinical, treatment, and outcome data were collected from medical records. Patients were divided into two groups according to management strategy: interventional or conservative.

Results: During the study period, 41 patients with IAT were admitted to the PICU; 35 were included in the study. Most patients were male (77.1%), with a median age of 9.6 years (range, 0.7-17 years), and more than half had Injury Severity Score (ISS) values greater than 25. Motor vehicle collisions were the most common mechanism of injury (68.6%). The most frequently injured organs were the liver (57.1%) and spleen (40%). Fifteen patients (42.9%) underwent interventional management: 11 (73.3%) surgical intervention and 4 (26.6%) interventional radiology. Hypotension on admission and the need for massive transfusion were identified as risk factors for interventional treatment. Two patients (5.7%) died; both underwent damage control laparotomy.

Conclusions: In this cohort of critically ill pediatric patients with solid organ IAT, 42.8% required interventional management. Hypotension on admission and the need for massive transfusion were risk factors for interventional management in this population.

Keywords

Pediatrics; Laparotomy; Pediatric Emergency Medicine; Blood Transfusion; Multiple Trauma

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Submitted date:
12/15/2025

Accepted date:
01/13/2026

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